Wednesday, November 12, 2014

Books that have influenced me

Based on a Facebook post in response to the "book meme". In estonian, again, sadly.

Sain mõni aeg tagasi Kätlin Konstabel-ilt raamatumeemi. Niisiis, kümme mind mõjutanud raamatut - aus ülestunnistus. (PS: järjekord ei loe eriti - kirjutasin nad nii nagu pähe tulid enam-vähem)
1) Card - "Ender's Game" ja "Speaker for the Dead". Mäletan, et nutsin esimese osa lõpus, kui seda 22-aastaselt lugesin. Narratiivi mõttes oli aga teine osa isegi parem, sest ei sõltunud nii palju lõpu plot twistist.
2) Smullyan - "This Book Needs No Title" - Smullyani laenas mulle keskkooliaegne juhendaja Leo Võhandu ja armusin selle tüübi kirjutamisstiili enamvähem koheselt. Tema loogikamõistatuste raamatud ilmselt süüdi selles, et minust just teoreetiline arvutiteadlane sai. See raamat aga pigem anekdoote taoismi teemadel - mis naeravad läänes normaalseks peetud asjade üle ja teevad seda väga nauditavalt.
3) Laozi - "Daodejing" - esimene "religioosne" tekst mis minuga reaalselt rääkis. Kõik tundus... õige. Eriti mittemaagilises tõlgenduses kus Tao = see kuidas asjad lihtsalt on. Vahepeal suutsin seda peast tsiteerida, kuigi need ajad praeguseks kahjuks möödas sest olen sellest teemast veidi kaugenenud.
4) Hesse - "Klaaspärlimäng" - Hesse on mulle alati meeldinud, Stepihundist mida koolis kohustuslikuna lugesime, alates. Klaaspärlimäng aga ehk kõige rohkem - sest kirjeldab sisuliselt seda, kuidas ma tahaks et maailm ja elu läheks. Kahjuks on reaalsus natuke keerulisem kui elevandiluust torn.
5) Keyes - "Lilled Algernonile" - Kätlin soovitas seda kunagi, ja tol hetkel oli täpselt õige raamat täpselt õiges kohas. Käsitleb vaimse võimekuse küsimusi väga huvitavast aspektist ja kirjeldab väga hästi inimese võimetust suurte ja järskude muutustega kohaneda. Kes pole lugenud - tehke seda. See on lühike 
6) Strauss - "The Game" - klassikaline kirjutis sellest kuidas naistesebijate kommuun toimib, mh ka sellest mis trikke kasutatakse jms. Kõik kes mind natuke tunnevad teavad, et mingiks läägeks naistemeheks see mind teinud ei ole. Maailmapilti muutis see aga sellest hoolimata päris märkimisväärselt - kasvõi selle osas kui erinevalt on võimalik mõnedest asjadest mõelda. Taaskord - soovitan, eriti skeptikutele.
7) Ariely - "Predictably irrational" - enam-vähem esimene raamat mille välismaalt ostsin, ja sellest algas mu vaimustus populaarteaduse vastu. Raamat ise ei ole millegi poolest väga eriline teistest sarnastest nt "Freakonomics" või "More sex is safer sex", märgib lihtsalt murdepunkti. Praeguseks moodustavad sellised raamatud mu kogust väga arvestatava osa.
8) Orwell - "1984" - kõigist utoopiatest ja düstoopiatest on see mulle kauguelt kõige mõjusam olnud (võrdluseks: Huxley "Hea uus ilm" jättis mind täiesti külmaks, peamiselt vist küll selle pärast et seal joonistatud "düstoopia" oli minu jaoks täiesti aktsepteeritav, pigem isegi soovitav). Peamine põhjus see, et kirjeldatud olukord ongi stabiilne - kui sellesse kord jõuda, võib see põhimõtteliselt igavesti kesta. Ning see oli välja joonistatud nii, et sa tunned seda ängi ja saad aru, kui parandamatu see kõik on. "All hope abandon all ye who enter in" - ja mitte vaid sõnakõlksu jaoks vaid nii ongi. Loodan vaid, et meie maailm suudab sellest eemale hoida.
9) Dweck - "Mindset" - olin tema teadustöö austaja juba pikalt enne raamatu lugemist, aga ka raamat ise mõjus hästi. Kes teooriaga tuttav pole, guugeldage kindlasti. Olin kunagi väga, väga tugevalt fixed mindsetis kinni ning see raamat (teaduspõhine, btw, mitte mingi umbluu) näitas väga selge suuna kuhu oma suhtumisega liikuda + andis kinnitust et kõik need asjad on muudetavad. 6 aastat hiljem ja see probleemistik on väga suures osas ületatud.
10) Penrose "The Big, the Small and the Human Mind" - see on kohutav raamat. God-awful. Sünopsis: Maailma üks parimaid matemaatikuid otsustab, et kuna ta on hea matemaatik, teab ta kõigest kõike ja räägib sellest kuidas ajus on kvantprotsessid ja seetõttu ei ole arvutid kunagi võimelised inimesega samale tasemele jõudma. Miks see nimekirjas on? Sest see veenis mind et väga targad inimesed võivad väga suuri lolluseid teha kui nad liiga ülbeks muutuvad. Väga suuri. Mõjus väga hästi oskusele öelda "ma ei tea".
Kindlasti tuleks mainida, et ilukirjanduse mõttes on mu lemmikautorid Fowles, Asimov, Vonnegut, Pratchett ja Gaiman, kellest ühegi ükski üksik teos pole aga nii tugevalt mõjunud et nimekirja jõuda.

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Also - as an afterthought, one I forgot but which should definitely be there:
11) Rousseau - "Reveries of a Solitary Walker" - the first book I actually liked and the only one (besides daodejing) I have read more than once  - both when I was still in school. His solitude resonated with me back then and made my own being slightly easier to bear. Still feel a connection with him - especially in my darker days, which thankfully have come to happen less and less often as time passes.

Sunday, August 11, 2013

A translation

My grandmother is currently suffering from Alzheimer's disease, and both my mother and her sister are caring for her. It is hard on them - in many ways, but in part because they do not understand what the disease means or what my grandmother herself might actually be feeling.

Tiina found a poem online (in 9GAG of all places) that, at least to my mind, seems to communicate the emotions inside my grandmother pretty well:
This message was in front of a Alzheimer's patient's room at my dad's rehabilitation hospital.

So - I took the liberty of translating it to Estonian, in the hopes it might help my mother and her sister a little.

Minult mäletamist palun ära oota,
ega mõistmist, raske on ka see.
Mul on jäänud vaid üht asja loota:
kätt mul hoiad sellel raskel teel

Olen lootusetult segaduses, eksind,
Kurb ja haige, meeleheitel ma,
Tahan vaid, et ükskõik mis sel hind,
et sa hooliks, oleks minuga.

Oma kannatust sa ära kaota palun,
ära nuta, ega sõima-vannu ka.
Olen abitu, ning kuigi ära talun,
küll vaid tahaks, kuid ei suuda muutuda.

Palun tea, et väga sind ma vajan,
nüüd kus alles minust üksnes varemed.
Püsi siin, sest seisan vaid su najal,
hooli minust, kuni saad sa veel.

I cried through most of the translation process. Those with family members suffering from the disease - you hopefully understand.

Sunday, July 7, 2013

Summer of Oxford

Vacation is not in the stars this summer. Half of it I will be spending in Oxford, working at Wolfram for a Computer-based mathematics project, while the time free from that will mostly go to getting a small startup company off the ground.

I will be writing about the Startup some time in the future. This post, however, is about the Wolfram project. Firstly, a brief backstory: Estonia signed a contract with Wolfram (creators of Mathematica and Wolfram Alpha) to produce computer-based mathematics (CBM) study materials for Estonian schools. The materials were to prepared by a team of 6 people during the spring and summer of 2013 to then be piloted in the schools within the next academic year. I applied for a position as one of those 6 experts. Our contract specified three working visits to Oxford headquarters of Wolfram - one for two weeks, and two for three weeks - during which we were to build the materials along with the teacher materials and demo programs. 

The team currently consists of two practicing teachers, one didactics expert, one programmer, and me (probably selected as the mathematics expert). Our team is led by a teacher from the UK, who is in charge of the larger project of using CBM materials in schools, not just in Estonia but possibly in other countries as well. 

The first visit was in the beginning of May, and I am currently in Oxford for the second visit, with a week done and two more to go. The first time, all of us stayed in apartments in Oxford, and took a train  in to work each morning. This time, however, they only found one two-person apartment on rent, and the rest of us are living in a hotel - which does have the plus side of being just a few hundred meters from work. However, that one upside is severely countered by the lack of any food-making facilities or a refrigerator, forcing us to either eat out every day or to live on instant noodles or mash and canned beans on the side. Thankfully, breakfast is by the hotel, but that has also gotten pretty monotonous during the week. The hotel room is nice and cleaners come every other day, but nevertheless, it somehow feels like a prison cell.  

As there is not much to do, I asked our boss to take me to Witney with him on Wednesday - for the sole purpose of having a nice long walk back. He told me the day before he sometimes ran the distance, and that gave me the idea. The walk was quite nice, although most of the countryside was walled away from the road with hedges. The 10 km took roughly one and a half hours to walk, and also took my by the local store that allowed me to get some more supplies for my room.

This was the first time in 8 years I traveled abroad in something other than my army boots, and I swear to never repeat this mistake. And, of course, as luck would have it, the shoes I had put on started falling apart rather rapidly as soon as I arrived. They barely survived the walk on Wednesday, but by Thursday evening they were in a nearly unusable condition with half a sole missing from one.  Thankfully, it is just Thursdays that shops usually stay open longer, so I had enough time to look around and find a new pair of shoes that seemed more-or-less suitable. Somewhat surprisingly, both shoes and clothes are cheaper in the UK, so the new pair just cost me 4£ - maybe a fifth of what it would have back home.

The next stop was the bookstore, and despite having only half an hour to look around, I still couldnt force myself to walk out with any less than 6 books. As the cillage we are staying at is quite small, there really isn't much to do in the evenings other than to watch the TV and read. And the TV gets quite boring quite fast. As I have been reading a lot of economics recently, I sensed a severe liberal free-market bias growing inside me. As biases are generally a bad thing, I picked up a few books promising counterarguments, most notably "The price of inequality" by a nobel-winning economist J. E. Stigliz. The first few chapters seem quite promising - not attacking free markets but rather showing how regulatory fails distort them to increase inequality. The two books I just recently finished ("Surely you're joking mr Feynman" and "Undercover economist" by Tim Harford) set a pretty high bar, but so far, it is not far behind.

I had proposed to cook for everyone that evening, so after shoe shopping I went by the grocery store and then landed at the girls apartment to start cooking. I prepared a Chinese-style wok and an Indian aloo gobi, with a side dish of two kinds of rice. I generally like cooking, and considering I had not had a chance to cook for so many in such a long time, it was tremendously enjoyable. Despite lacking some spices, the food came out quite alright, and everyone seemed to enjoy it.

Our boss left early on Friday to get back to his family a bit earlier, and as we had a pretty productive week behind us, with plans to continue working on weekend, a few of us decided to relax a little and enjoy a game of ping pong. Again - something I hadn't had a chance to do in quite a while, but remembered quite liking.  We played for an hour, then got back to work, and then played some more later with another colleague.

All in all - it is quite nice here - and it is nice to be able to concentrate on doin


g just one thing for a while (instead of my normal "do ten things at once" routine). If the time pressure we were under was any less, I might even mistake it for a vacation. 

Friday, March 15, 2013

How to survive intensive periods

A student sent me an e-mail asking if I had any tips for surving an intensive period. I started writing the answer and soon found that it had become much longer than anticipated... and that I was writing it for myself more than for the student who asked me the question. 

The conclusion is something I plan to try for a few weeks. All my friends - please hold me up to it - especially to the "do not neglect your friends" bit.

(sadly, the text is in estonian, but I've heared Google Translate has gotten pretty good these days).

---------------------------------------------------------------

Tervist,

Tegelikult pean tunnistama, et ei tea sellest valdkonnast üldse nii lõpmatult palju. Üldiselt psühholoogiat õppides olen aga üht-teist kasulikku kõrva taha pannud, ning eks seda üritagi ka SI aine raames jagada. 

Lühike kokkuvõte asjadest, mis peaks teaduslikult vähemalt osalist kinnitust saanud olema:

1) 40 h töönädal kehtestati põhjusega: enamus inimesi hakkavad 50+ h töötades läbi põlema. Alguses töö efektiivsem, aga kusagil 6-10 nädalaga jõutakse punkti, kus 60 h jooksul saadakse tehtud vähem, kui varem 40 h jooksul saadi. Sellest august taastumine võtab aega paarist nädalast paari kuuni, sõltub kas tegemist päris puhkuse või lihtsalt vähendatud intensiivusega tööga. 
Moraal: intensiivseid perioode saab teha, aga ~6-8 nädalat, ja peale seda tuleb puhkus (või vähem intensiivne periood) planeerida. 

2) 99% "toitumisteadustest" on jama. Selle pahna seest reaalseid nõuandeid üles leida raske ja ei oska neid siinkohal jagada, sest pea kõige osas vastakaid arvamusi. Midagi konsensuse laadset ainult selle osas, et juurviljad-puuviljad üldiselt kasulikud, rasv ja suhkur ja alkohol suurtes kogustes kahjulikud. Regulaarsed söögiajad väga kasulikud, nagu ka 3 korda päevas söömine. You know, the usual stuff.

Kehaline aktiivsus on oluline. Olulisem, kui söömine. Ei pea olema mingi intensiivne trenn (5 korda nädalas jõusaal), aga 20 min päevas teeb juba päris suure vahe.

http://www.scientificamerican.com/article.cfm?id=how-to-gain-or-lose-30-minutes-of-life-everyday on üks huvitav artikkel sel teemal, kuidas asjad elu pikkust mõjutavad.

Mis veel kasulik on, on mediteerimine. Ei pea midagi keerulist tegema - piisab kui 10 min päevas võtta puhtalt sellele, et keskenduda oma hingamisele ja kehale ja mitte mõelda oma igapäevamuredest. Võtab stressitaseme maha (mh on näidatud selle mõju teatud ärevushäirete tagasilanguse vältimisel). Stressirikastel perioodidel seega väga kasulik.

Moraal: Söö regulaarselt, liiguta ennast kasvõi natukene ja pane aega kõrvale et mediteerida regulaarselt. Üle pingutada ei maksa - 20-30 min aktiivsust päevas ja 10-20 min mediteerimist on aga mõlemad head investeeringud. 

3) Emotsioonid on olulised, ja läbi põlemine on pigem nende kui füüsilise kurnatuse teema (kuigi viimane vaieldamatult aitab sellele kaasa). Seega tuleb arvestada, ja ka oma em. heaolu eest vastutav olla. 

Esimene asi, mida teada maksab, on et positiivne emotsioon ei ole negatiivse vastand, vaid nad eri telgedel. Neg em. ära võtmine ei tekita veel pos. em. Ning inimeste kalduvus tunda positiivseid emotsioone ("Ekstravertsus" tänapäevases psühholoogias) ei ole eriti korelleeritud inimeste kalduvusega tunda negatiivseid emotsioone ("Neurootilisus"). 

Kõigepealt neg emotsioonidega tegelemise osas:

Mediteerimine aitab ärevuse vastu. Seda sai juba mainitud. Võtab natuke aega, et mediteerima õppida (nädal-paar), aga edasi väga selged kasud, ja ärevuse tase väheneb oluliselt. Eriti hea asi nimega "Progressive muscle relaxation". Guugelda, kui huvi on. 

Depressioon suuresti valede mõttemustrite küsimus. Kui sellega (kasvõi natukene) probleeme, soovitan "Võit depressiooni üle" raamatut, kus oluline kas seal esitatud harjutusi reaalselt teha. Enda puhul tean, et see vahel raske, küll aga alati ja eranditult kasulik olnud, kui seda teinud olen. "Cognitive-behavioral therapy" on üks võtmesõna, mille järgi otsida netist, kui vaja. See tõendatult efektiivne selliste asjade vastu. Aitab hästi ka siis, kui oled ennast auku töötanud.

Nüüd positiivse juurde. Positiivsete emotsioonide juures maksab eristada kolme: õnnelikkus, rahulolu ja flow.  

Õnnelikkus on lühiajaline ja enamasti mingi sündmuse reaktsioonina. Läheb üle, ja see on normaalne. Oleks hea, kui elu seda aeg-ajalt pakuks.,

Rahulolu on oma pikaajaliste tegemistega rahul olemine. Selle tase tõstetav sellega, et sa hakkad tähele panema, mis hästi läinud on (nii endal kui teistel) ja kiitma selle eest. Hea algus on, kui iga päev 3 asja leiad, millega rahul oled või mille eest tänulik oled. Teiste kiitmine muuseas tekitab ka positiivseid emotsioone.

Flow, ehk see, kui sa teed midagi, millesse sa ennast unustad ja ei märkagi, et aeg möödub. See ei ole midagi müstilist või maagilist, vaid üks väga praktiline asi. Flow tekib nimelt siis, kui sa töötad oma praeguste oskuste piiri peal - kohas, kus sa tunned, et saad hakkama (s.o. ei ole ärevust, et ma ei jaksa) ja kus sul ei ole ka igav (s.o. see on mõttetu, mida ma teen). Suuresti suhtumise küsimus, sest kõik on huvitavaks tehtav. Kasvõi mõttetud tegevused, kui hakkad iseendaga võistlema, kui kiiresti need valmis saad (esimene kord 5 minutit. 10-s kord 40 sek).

Selle punkti all oluline rõhutada ka sõprade tähtsust. Kiiretel perioodidel kipuvad nad ära ununema, aga seda ei tohiks lasta juhtuda. Sõbrad on suure hulga pos. em. allikad, ja toetavad enamasti ka negatiivsetega. Seega - ükskõik kui kiire sul on, sõpru ära unusta.

Moraal: hoolitse enda eest emotsionaalselt. Kui tekivad probleemid ärevusega või depressiivsusega, tegele nendega. Tuleta endale iga päev meelde, miks sa neid asju teed, mida teed, ja mis on hästi läinud. Leia selleks 10 min päevas, tasub ära. Ja kindlasti ära unusta sõpru. 

4) Ajaplaneerimisest on palju kirjutatud ja võtteid on palju erinevaid. Kui aga ühte head soovitust tahad siis ma soovitaks rakendada seda Ericcsoni oskuste õppimise mudelit ajahaldamisele. Selle peamine järeldus: et areneda, tuleb jälgida mida sa teed ja teha teadlikult parandusi. Õpipäevik on üks pool sellest: aitab anda ülevaate, mida sa teinud oled. Teine pool on reflektsioon: kas kõik see, mida tegin, on mõistlik?

Kasulik on korra nädalas võtta aeg et läbi reflekteerida oma eelmine nädal. Mis läks hästi, mis halvasti. Mida saaks parandada, ja kuidas ma seda järgmisel nädalal parandan (konkreetsed tegevused, plaanid). Kui seda teed, siis garanteerin et su ajahaldusoskused arenevad, ükskõik kui head või halvad nad sul praegu on. Seega, kui mul oleks anda sel teemal üks soovitus oleks see just see:

Moraal: leia nädalas 20-30 min, et panna eelmise nädala kohta kirja, millega oled rahul, ja mida saaks parandada, ning formuleeri üks asi, mida järgmisel nädalal teisiti ja paremini teed. Ja järgmise nädala lõpus vaata kindlasti üle, kuidas sellega läks. Ja pane kõik see kirja! Tagab arengu ajahalduse ja ka muudel rinnetel.

Ja kui teha kõigest eelnevast veel kokkuvõte, siis:

Leia iga päev tund aega iseendale, millest: 
* 30 min trenn
* 10 min mis oli täna positiivset
* 10 min mediteerimine
* 10 min oma tegevuste reflektsioon

Lisaks:
* Toitu üldiselt tervislikult ja ürita söömise ajad regulaarseks saada
* Leia kindlasti vähemalt korra nädalas aega sõprade jaoks. 

See kiri sai plaanitust pikem, aga ehk annad andeks. Kirjutasin seda praegu lahti ka enda jaoks, sest viimasel ajal tunnen, et ka endal on nende asjadega jälle probleemi. Siit sain vist lahendused ka enda jaoks.

Ehk siis: aitäh väga hea küsimuse eest :)

Parimat,
Margus

Friday, October 5, 2012

One fine day


The said Saturday started for me at 6 in the morning. I was in a small motel on the side-streets of suburban Chengdu, in Sichuan province, China. I made myself coffee, and drank it while watching the local news channel.

I had arrived in China 2 nights prior, for a conference held in one of the universities of Chengdu. I had arrived in the afternoon, just missing lunch and just one session away from my own presentation. Having gotten no sleep on the plane, thinking was hard, but presentation itself went fairly well regardless.

I now walked out of my room - fully dressed, with a spare shirt and a small bottle of water in my backpack. Once downstairs, I found two cars and a closed garage door waiting for me where there had been the entrance the day before.

The motel, or "farmer home" as locals seemed to call it in english, was pointed to me by the tourist information desk at the railway station in that same suburb, where I had landed just the day before with all my belongings. I went there with a fairly clear idea on what I wanted to do but with a comparably vague understanding of how to accomplish it all. Finding a place to stay was a top priority, however, and despite my fears, the tourist information people spoke enough english to understand my needs and offer a solution to them, even being nice enough to take me to the motel by their car (probably after figuring out that explaining would take longer).



After standing around the closed inner courtyard crowded by the two cars, I finally decided to start knocking at doors. Thankfully, the first one I tried turned out to be right and the administrator helpfully unlocked the door and let me out. I now started walking south, along a path I already knew from the day before.

I had arrived in the late afternoon, with too little time to go sightseeing before it went dark. Since I had nothing else to do, however, I just started walking around the town, eventually stumbling to the path lined with red flags. Following it, I found myself at the place I did not intend to go, and had to turn back (as it was closed anyways). The path itself was scenic enough, however, and the walk through the Chinese suburbia was also an experience in and of itself.



This day I had plans for, however, and they involved me getting to the mountain as quickly as possible. I walked along the main road, and at some point a riksha driver noticed me. I showed him the direction I wanted to go and five fingers. He nodded and I jumped in.

If there is one thing that seems to be hard to find in China, it is a taxi driver that offers a foreigner a fair price. While the storekeepers seemed honest in asking the same price of me and their compatriots, the drivers always wanted to cheat, one way or the other. The first I encountered refused to give me enough change. Another refused to start the meter and just demanded his (3 times higher) price. In some cases, I had to let it go. In others, I tried to find someone who would cheat me less. The 5 yuan I offered the riksha driver was a slight overestimation, but I did not want to start my day with a bad experience of haggling over half an euro.

It was 7.10 and I was at the base of the mountain. I walked to the ticket office, handed them the money and walked through the gate, showing them the recently acquired piece of paper. They let me pass, and I was now free to roam the Qingcheng mountain complex.



While still in Estonia, I had made plans to couch-surf with a local. Sadly, while I was on the plane, she had sent an e-mail saying she would not be joining me, leaving me to fill the weekend on myown. After googling Chengdu and checking the wikitravel page with an eye for scenic hiking trails and any mention of mountains, Qingchengshan seemed like a good choice. I decided to go for it, and informed the local couch-surfer about it too. She thought she might be joining me there for a daytrip, so I dropped further research. Little did I know she would again cancel the plans, leaving me alone in a time where I also had no Internet access to do further research. She reassured me that I would figure it out somehow, and although the outlook for it seemed bleak (as english-speakers are near-impossible to find, and signs and place-names are ofen only in Chinese), I nevertheless had decided to give it a try.

I was now at the mounntain and slowly but surely started making my way towards the top. The mountaintop temple was 1260 m high, and I was resolved to walk the path before the tourist hordes had time to catch up with me.



If it was one thing my previous trip to China (Shanghai, 2008) taught me, it is that unless you start early in the morning, you will get nothing of the serene tranquility often touted in the advertisments, as the crowds catch up with you. And by crowds, I do not mean the quiet, reserved, north european crowds, but chinese crowds, that walk around with portable radios at maximum setting and yell at friends they notice 50 m away. Not that I am judgemental of differences - it is just sometimes they can be f****ng annoying.

Walking through one temple after another, my mind becomes increasingly clean and serene. Gone are the thoughts of everyday drudgery. The mountains are breathtakingly beautiful - both in a figurative and literal sense, as the air becomes increasingly thin as I ascend one staircase after the next.



What is not quite gone is the fear of heights, however. Despite being drawn to the mountains, and always looking to climb one whenever I travel (be it Australia, Bulgaria or now, China), the fear of possibly slipping and falling is always felt. First time in Australia, I came pretty close, and I am not looking to repeat the experience, and the falling rain made me even more careful.



After countless pavilions, I was finally nearing the summit. Walking up one of the lonlier stairs, I saw a cleaner walk past and utter "Ni Hao" to me. It took me a few seconds to remmember that this was "hello", and I answered hastily, but he had by that point walked past me so I doubt he managed to hear me.

Chinese is a tonal language, which means that the same phoneme can have different meanings depending on whether it is said in a forceful, rising or lowering way. As to how big the differences can be: ma, in one tonation is "mother" while in another, it stands for a horse. This tonality has two implications. Firstly, Chinese can often sound like arguing to westerners, even when two people are having a perfectly civil discussion. Secondly, trying to learn even the most basic niceties can be hard if not near impossible, as non-mandarin speakers are not used to controlling their tone on every syllable. Thank you (xie xie, both in the forceful intonation) seems simple enough, but I still heared chinese comment on me saying it. I presume I had said it wrong, but the context was clear enough so they understood me. Thanking someone was something I had to do often enough so there was no way around learning to say it. For the rest, however, I chose to stick to just showing the characters I had had my friend write me for common phrases (i.e. "how much?" or "can you help me?").

At the top they had built a pagoda (religious tower), which, as the signs said, had been rebuilt quite recently, following the 2008 earthquake that had levelled the previous one. As it was the summit, I wanted to have a picture of myself there, and handed my cellphone to one of the young chinese who had just finished taking the picture of her friends. She helped gladly.



One thing to note about chinese tourism is that it is mainly internal - most people visiting the sights are other chinese, with the occasional japanese or korean tourists thrown in. Westerners are few and far between - I saw maybe two pairs in total during the whole 5 hours spent at the mountain.

After having my picture taken, I started my descent, only to find that my right knee was giving me pains when walking down the stairs. I therefore opted for a quick route and took the cable car down, followed by a ferry that took me across the scenic mountain lake. By that point, the tourist horde had already caught up with me, so it seemed like a proper time to make my exit in any case. I walked out of the gate and headed towards the parking lot. There I found a green bus, which I remmembered the wikitravel page describe briefly in the section about getting around. I showed the ticket seller a picture of my next destination from a tourist booklet, and was told that the next bus to come would take me there. I did not have to wait for long til it arrived and was indeed waved inside when I showed the picture this time.



The public transportation system, although slightly overcrowded, seems pretty well thought out as a whole in China. Longer distances can be travelled by fast trains in many cases whereas short-range is covered by a thick network of line buses. With trains, however, you generally need to buy your tickets way in advance, or you may end up having to wait for 5+ hours, as happenned to me this time when I was trying to return from Qingcheng, and also last time, both in Suzhou and Hangzhou. Public bus lines are simpler, as you just step in and give them the amount of money they ask (by letting them type the sum on your cellphone dialpad).

I was now in a bus, moving in the right direction. I still had a problem, however, as I knew not where I was supposed to get off. At first, I assumed the problem to be trivial, hoping that the town we were driving into had just one stop. Unfortunately, I was quite wrong in the assumption, as the settlement just kept on going and going. At a place where many people got off, I took my pamphlet and showed it to one of the locals, asking if this was the place. He shook his head. A few stops later, I repeated the question. He again shook his head, now starting to type on his cellphone. A little lated, he showed me what he had been looking for - a dictionary entry showing chinese glyphs and the word "endpoint" below them. I nodded in understanding and thanked him in chinese.



The level of english spoken in China is very low in my experience. Even the professors in charge of organizing the conference barely got their point across or understood what me or Victor (Shoup) said. Their written english was better, but that was of relatively little help. In general, people who even understand bare essentials ("how much?", "how far?", "sorry") of english are very hard to come by, and those who do often cap at roughly that. English is often as foreign to them as Chinese is to us, and this makes tourism in China often an interesting experiment in non-verbal communication.

Having exited the bus at the terminal station, I found myself right in front of the gate of DujiangYan, a network of canals, bridges and dams that had served as an irrigation system for the better part of the past two millenia. Looking at the prices, I was agan struck by the price of the ticket, which was 90 yuan (11 eur), the same as for the mountain complex. At the ticket office, I tried my luck with my ITIC card, handing it to them pretending to be a student. It seemed to work, as I indeed got the 50% discount, which was helpful considering my supply of cash was starting to dry up.



The stories of China as a cheap country should by now belong to the past. Taxis and basic groceries are about twice less than in Estonia, but near everything else (trains, accommodation, tea or food when eating out, museum tickets) were quite comparable. It seems that China is quickly catching up to the western world and at the rate it is going.

I entered the complex and walked around in the gardens, then heading for the main temple, then to the first dam and then across the hanging bridge to the other side of the river. Continuing along the scenic riverbank, with the water torrenting to my right, I suddenly felt an urge to stop at a foodstand. It seemed they had noodles on offer, so I asked for them. To my surprise, the lady then opened up a packet of fast-food ramen, poured hot water in it and handed it to me.

Fast-food ramen in plastic bowls is the most common fast-food available, and and seems to be pretty popular. This is probably sped on by the availability of hot water in public places (railway and bus stations, trains, even some public bathrooms). It is quite common to see people go to the hot water tap to fill the ramen bowl, and I myself had indeed done it just the day before while waiting for my train.

After eating, I continued along the path until I came upon the second hanging bridge. Crossing it was a pretty scary experience as the closer to the middle I got, the wobblier it got, and walking on it without holding to the side rulers was nearly impossible for a person of my height. With their help I safely made it to the other side, and was yet again confronted with an array of temples and pavilions to explore.

Like the Churches in Europe, the temples in China follow the same general principle. There is usually a main hall, housing 1-3 large golden-coloured statues (either of saints, gods or famous historical figures), often with some extra statues on the sides. In front of the main hall there is usually a courtyard, where there is a metal receptacle for burning incense candles. In some cases, there is a garden or some extra monuments nearby, sometimes even another such hall, now with different statues. And, of course, all of the walls are in shades of dark red. They are all quite impressive, but after seeing about 10 of them, they slowly start to get a bit repetitive, especially considering the statues all look the same to the untrained eye, and the legends (if they are translated to english) are unintelligible to someone not grown up in this cultural space.





Despite being a little fed up with the temples, I nevertheless continued on the recommended route - mainly due to the natural scenery. The path now followed the other side of the river, only a few hundred meters up a slope, providing a nice view of the town through the trees. The path again went up and down, which by the end became pretty exhausting, and I was quite relieved when the path finally decended out of the complex and into the city. As I wanted to return to the bus station, I now had to turn to ask for directions.

One more thing in China I have a quarrel with is a lack of accurate maps near the tourist attractions, which makes it very hard to navigate both inside them as well as between. The brochures all rely on schematics, assuming everyone can fill the missing details in themselves. The end result is that the maps are of some use, but the use mainly comes from helping to later remmember where you have already been. I was not in too bad of a state, having two offline maps at my disposal in my phone. These were of limited use, however, as both had a very low level of detail for the suburb I was in. The GPS receiver for the phone also refused to cooperate, often pointing kilometers away from where I should have actually been. All in all, this resulted in me having a very vague understanding of where I was at any given time. Thankfully, it was enough in most cases. However, a few strategically placed city maps would have made my life considerably easier.



When following the directions I got, I quite soon realized I was not quite where I wanted to be. I walked in the direction I thought the main gate was to be, but found a dead end waiting for me. Retracing my steps, I took the next parallel street and this time found that my sense of direction had indeed been correct, leading me to the bus station just in time to catch the bus back to the motel. The bus again sped off along the road lined on both side with small red national flags.



Other than the occasional national flag, there are very few hints to the fact that China is a communist country. To the contrary, most everything from the flasing signs to the wealth of small businesses point to the growing influence of capitalism in the society. During my visit, I did get to see one statue of Chairman Mao, but only because I explicitly went looking for it in central Chengdu on my final day there. If not for the weird characters everywhere, China (as I have seen it) might well be any other capitalist country in the view of a brief visitor.



On the way back, the bus took a different route than I expected, passing through the train station and then continuing towards the mountain from the wrong direction. I again had to guess when to jump off, but my intuition did not fail me and after a brief walk, I found myself right in the back of the tourist information center, among the red tents I had seen the day before when walking around. The tents were food stalls, selling all matter of local cuisine. After a quick tour, I opted for a bowl of noodles with seafood.



One thing worth noting is that Sichuan is known among Chinese as the province of spicy food. Considering normal chinese is already quite spicy you can imagine what Sichuan cuisine is like. As a hint - chilli seems to be a staple food, mixed half-n-half with whatever else is available (meat, potatoes, noodles, vegetables). And I only wish I was exaggerating, but for the more spicy foods that really was the case, and those were unedible for me as I quite quickly found out. Some of the foods had a little less spice, thankfully (think three chilis in an estonian restaurant menu), and as a fallback, there were always instant noodles. Oh, and in case you were wondering . yes, they also put chilli in their snacks and sweets too.



After the meal, it was getting dark so I headed for the motel, ready to go to sleep to prepare myself for the busy day ahead. The busy day that already started with the left foot when I had to wait for my train for 5 hours, and stretched very, very long with me being stuck in Northwestern China for 8 hours as we were waiting for a replacement plane... but that's a whole other story.

Wednesday, August 29, 2012

Hitchhiking competition, Day 4

We woke up very early, in order to make it to the first ferry across back to the mainland. We set off towards the harbor - which was considerably further than we initially thought and as such, we ended up actually running in order to catch it. But we did, and then enjoyed the well-deserved cup of coffee on the ferry.

We also ran across the same pair of our competitors we met on the Saaremaa ferry. Since all of us were still fairly tired, we mostly sat in silence. Before docking, I managed to find us a ride to the next crossroads. The driver (who worked in biofuels) dropped us to the crossing towards Lihula. 

We found another hitchhiker there before us. We greeted her and then walked past her and settled a bit further. We had to wait for quite a while. 



We were eventually picked up by a group of  Czech tourists. They were in a hurry to get to the Saaremaa ferry, but nevertheless took us to one of the points - a Bishop's fort from the medieval times in Koluvere.


They told us they had been to Kunda the day before, and told us what it meant in Czech. Supposedly, it was a popular tourist attraction for Czechs for that reason.

They put us off near the gas station where the road led from Lihula back to Pärnu - crossroads where we had been just the day before. Since we had skipped breakfast and the traffic was slow, I went inside to get a hot dog for T., and quite soon after she had finished it, we were picked up and driven all the way to central Pärnu.

Our next destination was reachable by public inner city transport, so we bought bus tickets and then had  hamburger while waiting. Bus came soon enough and we got on board.

We had no clue where to get off, but T. asked a few locals in the bus and they helped gladly. From the  stop it was still about a kilometers walk in the hot sun to get to our destination - a fish ladder for the Sindy dam, next to the fishery.

On arriving, we found another pair ahead of us just ready to leave... and then when climbing to the ladder itself to take a picture, found a local TV celebrity (Vladislav Koržets) interviewing the head of the fishery. Inconsiderate as we were, we just walked through their background to get what we came for.


We then took a bus back to the edge of Pärnu, heading south. There was another couple there already, so we again walked past them and started hitchiking. They were picked up in a matter of 15 minutes but we were not so lucky. Cars kept whizzing by, not giving us the slightest attention. Eventually, another couple showed up and settled behind us - and then got picked up before we did. After 3 days on the road, emotions were soaring and that made us furious. Thankfully, we were also picked up soon after.

The driver drove us only a few kilometers, though. He explained that he used to hitchhike a lot and made a promise that when he got a car, he would always pick up other hitchhikers when he saw them. That said, he said he had now driven for 5+ years but despite that we were the first he had picked up in the period.

After he dropped us off, we again had to wait a while. Eventually, we were picked up by the same car that had first picked up the people behind us (thus making us mad). Nevertheless, since he was now giving us a ride, and actually took us past the couple he had picked up before, we calmed down consierably. He took us to about halfway where we needed, where the road turned towards Viljandi.

There was a 7 km stretch of road repairs in the direction we were heading, which made hitchhiking there near impossible. We therefore had to walk past all of it, to a small truck stop, by which time we were near dying of thirst (or at least it felt like it). We restocked on our water supplies and then put our thumbs up again.

We got picked up by a van with a trailer full of bicycles, and in getting in we found one hitchhiker already waiting for us there, who was on her way to Riga. They dropped us off next to the settlement where we needed to go.

Due to the imprecision of the map in specifying where the checkpoint was, we took the scenic route to the monument, walking 3 km where 1 would have sufficed, being pretty exhausted from the heat by the end.


We now had to find our way out of the settlement. After walking into a dead end and deciding not to listen to a drunk man walking by, we saw a car coming and asked for a ride out of town. The lady was nice enough to take us to the highway, again next to the gas station.

We now had two options -  try the main highway or go for the more direct side route. Since the local lady said that the direct route was also used often enough, we opted for that, and were indeed picked up by a car heading for Viljandi.

We were now heading for the finish line at 90 km/h, hoping to gather one more checkpoint that was practically on the way. The driver was indeed nice enough to take the 200-m detour to stop off at the Allikukivi caves (which really weren't much to look at, despite what T. remmembered from her youth), and we still arrived in Viljandi with ample time to spare.


In the end, we got the 4-th place, with just 0.5 pt separating us from the third and 1.5 pts from the second place. By that time we had been in around 50 cars and driven around 1500 km. We were dead tired, but quite content with 4 days of very active vacationing.

Addendum: After the award ceremony, we decided to head back to Pärnu. As all the buses had already left, we decided to try hitchhiking again. This time we failed, however, as there was practically no traffic heading towards Pärnu. Eventually we decided to set up the tent on the field by the side of the road, just a few km from Viljandi. We were both very dissapointed with the turn of events, but morning coffee in the bus station the next day mostly cleared that out.

Thursday, August 9, 2012

Hitchhiking competition, Day 3


This is a guest post by T.

Day three. We woke up at my parents place in Pärnu. I was so grateful for getting to sleep in my own bed and getting a shower after two days in wild (and the morning coffee!), but arriving there late had been a little awkward, though. My parents hadn’t met M before, and my mom didn’t even know I was in a hitchhiking competition. She doesn’t agree with hitchhiking. Therefore, I was really glad at how calm she took it and how friendly she was. Everything went well, and we got to sleep for quite long.

Or at least until 8 o’clock or something.

We stood at Pärnu’s limits, with a sign “Edasi!” (“Forward!”, sounding like a slogan). One car took us to Audru, a nearby village. There, we painted on a bigger sign “Saaremaa”, which was our next destination. Since I was bored of us telling the same story about our hitchhiking competition to all the drivers, I told M that we should make up something instead. We decided to introduce ourselves to the next driver as a brother and sister driving to visit our grandma. We put together our characters: he would be a builder, I’d work at a supermarket and go to trade school studying to be a shop assistant (yeah, they actually teach it at schools). When the next car picked us up, we didn’t have a good chance on introducing ourselves that way, though. In this car, a woman was driving and a man sat in the front. They told us they were heading to Lihula. The man had work there. I asked what they did for living. The woman told: “He is a music teacher, don’t you recognize your own teacher?” I, indeed, hadn’t. I hadn’t seen the face of the man before, but it turned out it was my middle school teacher, who had left for work in Iceland, but apparently got back and didn’t find a satisfying job in Pärnu, so decided to take a job in Lihula. I was really glad that we hadn’t told them more than that we were going to visit our grandma, because the named teacher knows my parents, and probably knows that I have no brothers. The rest of the drive he told us stories about Iceland’s school system.

From Lihula we got to Virtsu, the ferry port, with a car of a woman who apologized for the dog hair and mess she had in her car. I didn’t mind, though. Compared to standing at the back of the roadworker’s paint-stenched van, it was nice and comfy. She took us to our next destination, which was off the road, a tavern named “Mutionu”. It looked as if it had been built in an old cellar. She then took us directly to the ferry station as well, which was nice of her.



The ferry drove from Virtsu to Muhu in half an hour. Muhu is a smaller island, connected to the bigger, Saaremaa, with a bridge. On Muhu we had two places we had to see, and on Saaremaa, there were three. We decided to take all the points on Muhu and then see if we had time for Saaremaa, as we planned to go with the last ferry to Hiiumaa. For our plan to work, we needed to get to Tupenurme village on Muhu. We met another competing couple in the ferry, who told they had already found someone that would drive them away from port. One of us had to talk to people as well, to ask where they’re going and if they’d take us with. I left that for M, as I was too much a coward to talk to strangers like that. He got us a ride to 5 km from our destination. They dropped us off right next to a supermarket. The place was such that every car that would drive out of the parking lot would fill us with false hopes. We stood there for long, it seemed, but I guess it wasn’t more than 15 minutes. What made it awful was the really hot weather, and our warm clothes. A car finally picked us up. We took a picture at the village sign and, after changing our clothes in the forest in the anthill, hitchhiked right back. I don’t remember the people that picked us up there too well any more.



Somehow we got to the next village, Koguva. It was a tourist trap: there was a map of hundred places where movies were made during last century, and some of the places were there as well. We only saw the map and the parking lot, but the village contained at least four housings for tourists, a museum, a nice beach and some workshops for making... something... We hitchhiked back on a car of the museum director, who told us more about the village. I was a little sorry we didn’t get to see more there.


We headed to Kuressaare, the only town on the island, after that. It surprised me how far away it was: 70 km. I had thought the island was smaller. It seemed that our good luck continued, as we hadn’t stood there five minutes when we were picked up again. It was a young guy wearing sweatpants in a fancy-looking car. You’d assume people who look like this would be narrow minded and act on a certain stereotype, but after an hour in his car, we realized our prejudice was not justified. He listened to reggae and seemed quite intelligent and open-minded. A reminder of how looks can be deceiving. Just like those two guys heading to pick mushrooms the day before...

We calculated that we’d still have time to take at least one out of three points in Saaremaa, even though they were far away from civilization.One was in a nature resort, another was on northern coast. When we stood at the crossroads, it seemed more cars were heading to the nature resort, so we tried our luck with that, writing “Viidumäe” on a sign. Not long after that, we were picked up. A car with a young couple on front and a drunk woman at back. She was scary, she pulled the map out of my hands as I tried to calculate our way. Thankfully, they didn’t take us long, though, just 15 km.

The next car stopped for us just minutes later. It was a family with two little children, so first they had to make room for us. The mother would take one of the children to sit on her lap. They told us they had seen us on the crossroads before, and drove past thinking “We can’t take them, we don’t have room with two children,” then reconsidered and thought they could make us room, drove back and didn’t find us, since we were picked up already. As they headed back to home, they drove past us once more. Lucky us! And the young family was quite interesting as well: the woman originated from South Africa, and the guy had dreadlocks just like M. Hippies, we thought.

They took us to the nature reserve, waited until we climbed the watching tower, and drove us back to the main road as well.


We didn’t run out of luck after this nice family either. With two cars, we got to the crossroads heading to the north coast. It seemed that we had time to take yet another point in the middle of nowhere, since there was lots of time before the ferry and we had met only nice and friendly people with every other car picking us up. We hadn’t waited for fifteen minutes when a car took us from Tõlli to Tagaranna (both really small villages). In Tagaranna, there was a memorial for the victims of the sinking of the ship “Estonia”. We also found a statue of an old man smoking a pipe there, which was one of our “moving points”.


We walked on the beach, looking for statue, with a young Finnish couple. As it was nowhere in sight, we decided to run in opposite directions along the coast. I found it first, and then had to wait for M to run back to me with the camera to take the picture.



The couple then took us to ferry port. They had a kid with them who listened to Moomin tales in finnish on the back seat. They told us they were tired of driving around the Estonia already, and the kid even didn’t come out of the car when parents went to look the coast. The woman picked some weird flowers from the forest, saying it’s for medicine. I wish I had known the name of the plant (I study biology, you know). The family seemed almost as interesting as the hippies from South Africa for me. The woman worked with handicapped people and told us she’s a vegetarian because of the way the animals are treated. It irritated me a little that she tried to push it on her children as well, but I didn’t say anything. I tried to leave as good an impression on them as I could, since I was really grateful for being picked up at such an abandoned place and taken right to the port, while I had thought we’d have to drive back to Kuressaare before heading to the port, since the traffic is low there. We had been so lucky that day!

We even had time to eat burgers before the ferry (yeah I’m guilty for M eating meat...) and climb an adventure trail we found next to the shop. We walked about 2 km to the port, and wondered about the things at the road the whole time: a fence built in the forest, ending at a strange place, with no obvious purpose, a field of strange plants, between them growing poppy’s, a nut tree and a cherry tree. There were also some strawberries beside the road, of which I couldn’t get enough of.

The ferry trip from Saaremaa to Hiiumaa took one and a half hour. We had time to drink coffee, check where other couples were heading (one had just missed the last ferry we were on), and again, ask strangers where they were heading and if they took us with them. Again, I left that for M. He talked to almost everyone before finally found us two people who were heading to Kärdla, but, since the girl had been on the hitchhiking competition on a previous year, agreed on taking us to two other places we needed to head to on Hiiumaa. One was Külaküla küla, a village which’s name is, in translation, Villagevillage. The other was yet another monument.


 After the monument, the couple told us we should see the Eiffel tower of Hiiumaa as well: a huge tower built by a crazy, but brilliant local. Not only was there a tower in his yard, he had made a whole theme park with nitty comments everywhere. Some pictures:



After the Eiffel tower, we decided to once more try our crazy luck, and hitchhike to the south part of the island to take two more points and head to the first ferry in the morning. We were, indeed, lucky again. A car picked us up and took us to Suuremõisa, even though the driver originally wanted to go only half the way there. The map told us there was two places of accommodation there, but what we found out was that one was being renovated and the other only accepted cash, which we had run out of. We still got to find our checkpoint, “an outhouse with interesting design”:


We started walking towards the port in dark after that, as there was supposed to be another place of accommodation. Margus would’ve been ok with us staying in tent again, but I didn’t like the idea at all, since we hadn’t still figured out how to put up the tent, there were lots of mosquitoes and there wasn’t a good place to put up our tent. We had this crazy idea of walking 10 km to the last checkpoint in Hiiumaa, but since we were too tired, gave it up. A car drove past us when we were heading to port. They picked us up: two locals heading home. When they heard of our hitchhiking competition and how we looked for a place to stay in night, they offered us to stay in their home (right as we were about to go into the hotel). So, we got to sleep in a bed again. Crazy luck, and those locals in Hiiumaa are really friendly!